Dental Insurance Waiting Periods Explained

Reading a quote for dental insurance line by line

The label on a quote tells you less than the lines beneath it. Check the same network status, the same deductible, and the same remaining annual maximum, and make sure that anything not included is stated rather than assumed.

If a line is vague, ask the office to define it. Reputable practices are used to explaining their quotes, and a written breakdown protects both sides.

• Look for items listed as 'additional' or 'if needed'
• Ask what could change the total and by how much
• Confirm the warranty in writing
• Keep a copy of every estimate you receive

Getting a reliable estimate

Ask the office to submit a pre-treatment estimate, sometimes called a predetermination. The insurer replies with what it expects to pay, which helps you plan. It is not a guarantee, because eligibility is confirmed when the claim is processed.

Keep the written estimate with your treatment plan and bring it to the visit.

When coverage is limited or absent

Orthodontics, implants and cosmetic work are commonly excluded or heavily limited. Public programs vary by state or province and may cover only certain groups or services.

If coverage is thin, compare dental schools, community clinics, membership plans and staged treatment before you decide.

How a dental plan is structured

Most plans group services into preventive, basic and major categories. Preventive care is paid at the highest percentage, basic care such as fillings at a lower one and major care such as crowns and bridges at the lowest, each after a deductible and subject to an annual maximum.

The annual maximum is the limit on what the plan pays in a year, and it is the main reason large treatment is often staged over two benefit years.

Limits that change what you pay

Waiting periods delay benefits for major services, often six to twelve months. Missing-tooth clauses can exclude replacement of a tooth lost before coverage began. Frequency limits restrict how often a service is covered, and a downgrade clause lets the plan pay for a cheaper material than the one chosen.

These conditions are set out in the plan summary. Reading them before treatment prevents most surprises.

In-network and out-of-network fees

In-network dentists agree to the plan's fee schedule, which can be lower than their usual fee. Out-of-network dentists may charge more, and you pay the difference. A plan may also pay on an allowed amount rather than the dentist's actual charge.

Ask the office for its fee and the plan's allowed amount, then work out your share.

Paying for dental insurance without insurance

Many people pay for dental insurance themselves, partly because most plans pay preventive care at a high percentage, basic care at a lower one and major care at the lowest, each subject to a deductible and an annual maximum. Paying without a plan does not mean paying the highest price: it is worth asking for the allowed fee under your plan, because it can differ from the office's usual fee.

Offices that run their own membership plans may give a lower fee than their standard charge, dental schools can reduce costs for suitable cases, and staged treatment lets you spread the bill without borrowing. Check whether an HSA or FSA can be used.

• Request the cash fee and the insured fee in writing, and ask which applies to you
• Ask whether a membership plan or prepayment lowers the fee
• Get at least two itemized estimates for the same scope
• Ask whether treatment can be staged without compromising the result

Next, dental insurance estimator, how dental insurance works, annual maximums, and out-of-network dentists are good places to continue. Each page uses the same planning approach, so figures and questions carry over.